A suplementação com quercetina previne mudanças em células imunorreativas à serotonina e caspase-3 do jejuno de ratos diabéticos / Quercetin supplementation prevents changes in the serotonin and caspase-3 immunoreactive cells of the jejunum of diabetic rats

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Serotonin (5-HT) is present in the epithelial enterochromaffin cells (EC), mast cells of the lamina propria and enteric neurons. The 5-HT is involved in regulating motility, secretion, gut sensation, immune system and inflammation. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of diabetes and quercetin supplementation on serotoninergic cells and its cell loss by apoptosis in jejunal mucosa of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-rats). METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: normoglycemic (C), normoglycemic supplemented with 40 mg/day quercetin (Q), diabetic (D) and diabetic supplemented with 40 mg/day quercetin (DQ). After 120 days, the jejunum was collected and fixated in Zamboni's solution for 18 h. After obtaining cryosections, immunohistochemistry was performed to label 5-HT and caspase-3. Quantification of 5-HT and caspase-3 immunoreactive (IR) cells in the lamina propria, villi and crypts were performed. RESULTS: The diabetic condition displayed an increase of the number of 5-HT-IR cells in villi and crypts, while decreased number of these cells was observed in lamina propria in the jejunum of STZ-rats. In the diabetic animals, an increased density of apoptotic cells in epithelial villi and crypts of the jejunum was observed, whereas a decreased number of caspase-3-IR cells was observed in lamina propria. Possibly, quercetin supplementation slightly suppressed the apoptosis phenomena in the epithelial villi and crypts of the STZ-rats, however the opposite effect was observed on the 5-HT-IR cells of the lamina propria. Quercetin supplementation on healthy animals promoted few changes of serotoninergic function and apoptotic stimuli. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that quercetin supplementation mostly improved the serotonergic function affected by diabetes maybe due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: A serotonina (5-HT) está presente nas células epiteliais enterocromafins (CE), nos mastócitos da lâmina própria e nos neurônios entéricos. A 5-HT está envolvida na regulação da motilidade, secreção, nocepção intestinal, sistema imunológico e inflamação. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do diabetes e da suplementação de quercetina sobre a função serotoninérgica e a perda celular por apoptose na mucosa jejunal de ratos diabéticos induzidos por estreptozotocina (ratos STZ). MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar machos foram divididos em quatro grupos: normoglicêmico (C), normoglicêmico suplementado com quercetina 40 mg/dia (Q), diabético (D) e diabético suplementado com quercetina 40 mg/dia (DQ). Após 120 dias, o jejuno foi coletado e fixado na solução de Zamboni por 18 horas. Após a obtenção de cortes em criostato, a imuno-histoquímica foi realizada para marcar 5-HT e caspase-3. A quantificação de células imunorreativas (IR) à 5-HT e caspase-3 foram realizadas na lâmina própria, vilosidades e criptas. RESULTADOS: A condição diabética ocasionou um aumento do número de células 5-HT-IR nas vilosidades e criptas, enquanto que na lâmina própria houve uma redução dessas células, no jejuno de ratos STZ. Nos animais diabéticos, foi observada uma densidade aumentada de células apoptóticas no epitélio do jejuno, tanto nas vilosidades quanto nas criptas, por outro lado um número reduzido de células caspase-3-IR foi observado na lâmina própria. Possivelmente, a suplementação de quercetina suprimiu ligeiramente os fenômenos de apoptose no epitélio de vilosidades e criptas do jejuno de ratos STZ, no entanto, o efeito oposto foi observado nas células 5-HT-IR da lâmina própria. A suplementação com quercetina em animais saudáveis promoveu poucas alterações na função serotoninérgica e nos estímulos apoptóticos. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados sugerem que a suplementação de quercetina melhorou principalmente a função serotoninérgica afetada pelo diabetes, talvez devido às propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias da quercetina.

The role of ischemic preconditioning in the expression of apoptosis-related genes in a rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in the expression of apoptosis-related genes in rat small intestine subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: Thirty anesthetized rats underwent laparotomy and were drive into five groups: control (CG); ischemia (IG); ischemia and reperfusion (IRG); IPC and ischemia (IG+IPC); IPC and ischemia and reperfusion (I/RG+IPC). Intestinal ischemia was performed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 60 minutes, whereas reperfusion lasted for 120 minutes. IPC was carried out by one cycle of 5 minutes of ischemia followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion prior to the prolonged 60-minutes-ischemia and 120-minutes-reperfusion. Thereafter, the rats were euthanized and samples of small intestine were processed for histology and gene expression. Results: Histology of myenteric plexus showed a higher presence of neurons presenting pyknotic nuclei and condensed chromatin in the IG and IRG. IG+IPC and I/RG+IPC groups exhibited neurons with preserved volume and nuclei, along with significant up-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2l1 and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes. Moreover, Bax/Bcl2 ratio was lower in the groups subjected to IPC, indicating a protective effect of IPC against apoptosis. Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning protect rat small intestine against ischemia/reperfusion injury, reducing morphologic lesions and apoptosis.

Mesocaval Shunt Creation for Jejunal Variceal Bleeding with Chronic Portal Vein Thrombosis

The creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a widely performed technique to relieve portal hypertension, and to manage recurrent variceal bleeding and refractory ascites in patients where medical and/or endoscopic treatments have failed. However, portosystemic shunt creation can be challenging in the presence of chronic portal vein occlusion. In this case report, we describe a minimally invasive endovascular mesocaval shunt creation with transsplenic approach for the management of recurrent variceal bleeding in a portal hypertension patient with intra- and extrahepatic portal vein occlusion.

Jejunojejunal intussusception in foal: case report / Intussuscepção jejunojejunal em potro: relato de caso

Intussusceptions are unusual intestinal incidents which may result in acute and progressive or recurrent abdominal discomfort in foals. This condition asymptomatically affects newborn foals (3-12 months), are surgical emergencies when it involves the small intestine, especially the jejunum. Transabdominal ultrasound evaluation is an important diagnostic method, due to their size limitations for acute abdomen evaluation. The present report shows the importance of using transabdominal ultrasound in foals with acute abdomen.(AU)

As intussuscepções são acidentes intestinais incomuns e que podem resultar em desconforto abdominal agudo e progressivo ou recorrente em potros. Esta condição afeta potros neonatos de forma assintomática e de 3 a 12 meses são emergências cirúrgicas quando envolvem o intestino delgado, principalmente o jejuno. A avaliação ultrassonográfica transabdominal é um importante para o exame desses animais devido às limitações de seu tamanho para avaliações do abdômen agudo. O presente relato de caso mostra a importância da utilização do ultrassom transabdominal em potros com abdômen agudo.(AU)

An Arteriovenous Malformation in the Jejunum Mimicking a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor / 대한소화기학회지

A 51-year-old man visited the tertiary-care hospital with a 2-week history of dizziness and dyspnea on exertion. The initial hemoglobin level was 5.8 g/dL, without any history of hematochezia or melena. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was normal. During colonoscopic preparation, the patient experienced hematochezia and became hypotensive. On angiography, no extravasation of contrast media was observed. A CT scan with angiography showed a small high-density area in the jejunal lumen, suggesting extravasation of the contrast media. Capsule endoscopy was performed, and oozing bleeding was suspected in the proximal to mid jejunum. The patient was referred to our hospital. Repeated EGD and CT enterography did not reveal any significant bleeding. An antegrade double balloon endoscopy was performed, and an approximately 2-cm-sized submucosal tumor with ulceration and a non-bleeding exposed vessel was observed in the mid jejunum. The presumed diagnosis was jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor. The mass was surgically resected, and the final histopathological diagnosis was arteriovenous malformation.

The Effect of Probiotics for Preventing Radiation-Induced Morphological Changes in Intestinal Mucosa of Rats

Radiation therapy is an important treatment modality for abdominal or pelvic cancer, but there is a common and serious complication such as radiation-induced enteritis. Probiotics is reported to have positive effects against radiation-induced enteropathy. In this study, morphological changes of bowel mucosa were analyzed in rats to presume the effect of probiotics on radiation-induced enteritis and its correlation with radiation dose. A total of 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups and received a solution containing 1.0x108 colony-forming units of Lactiobacillus acidophilus or water once daily for 10 days. Each of two groups was divided into three subgroups and abdomino-pelvic area of each subgroup was irradiated with 10, 15, and 20 Gy, respectively on the seventh day of feeding the solutions. All rats were sacrificed 3 days after irradiation and the mucosal thickness and villus height of jejunum, ileum and colon were measured. The morphological parameters of the small intestine represented significant differences between two solution groups irradiated 10 or 15 Gy, except for villus height of jejunum in 15 Gy-subgroup (P=0.065). There was no significant morphometric difference between two groups irradiated with 20 Gy of radiation. Probiotics appear to be effective for the morphological shortening of small intestinal mucosa damaged by radiation less than or equal to 15 Gy.

Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding from Multiple Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in a Neurofibromatosis Patient / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

Histological and immunohistochemical study of the effect of monosodium l-glutamate on the jejunal mucosa of adult albino rat and the possible role of propolis

Introduction: Monosodium l-glutamate [MSG] is used as a flavor-enhancing agent in many kinds of food products. It has been considered to induce a variety of side effects. Propolis is a bee product that has a broad spectrum of biological activities including antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects

Aim of the work: This work aimed to study the effect of MSG on the jejunal mucosa of adult albino rat and to evaluate the possible role of propolis as a protective agent

Materials and methods: Adult male albino rats [n=40] were randomly divided into four equal groups: control group, propolis-treated group [100 mg/kg body weight], MSG-treated group [15 mg/kg body weight], and a group treated with both propolis and MSG. The animals were treated orally once daily for 6 weeks. Specimens from the jejunum were processed for light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical study was carried out to detect the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase in the epithelial cells covering the villi and lining the crypts. The results were analyzed statistically

Results: Specimens from MSG-treated animals showed distortion and focal loss of the villi, disorganization and shedding of the enterocytes, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and nuclear irregularity. The lamina propria showed congested dilated blood capillaries and infiltration with inflammatory cells. Ultrastructurally, focal loss of microvilli, widening of the intercellular spaces, and swollen mitochondria with disrupted cristae were observed in some enterocytes. Immunohistochemical study showed a highly significant increase in the immunoreaction in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. In contrast, minimal changes were observed in rats treated concomitantly with both propolis and MSG, with a nonsignificant increase in the immunoreaction

Conclusion: MSG induced structural changes in rat jejunal mucosa that could be ameliorated by concomitant treatment with propolis

Small Bowel Pseudomelanosis Associated with Oral Iron Therapy

An accumulation of pigment deposits on mucosa, called melanosis or pseudomelanosis, of the small bowel is observed infrequently during endoscopic examination. We describe 6 cases of small bowel pseudomelanosis; the possible etiology of which was chronic iron intake. We observed numerous brown spots in duodenum, jejunum, and terminal ileum during upper and lower endoscopy. Interestingly, all patients have been taking oral iron for several years. Histology showed pigment depositions within macrophages of the lamina propria and a positive Prussian blue stain indicating hemosiderin deposition. Herein, we demonstrate that long term iron therapy may result in pseudomelanosis of small bowel, such as duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

A Case of a Jejunal Ectopic Pancreas Presenting as Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding / 대한소화기학회지

A jejunal ectopic pancreas, where pancreatic tissue is found outside of the usual anatomical location, is a rare submucosal tumor that may cause obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. After initial negative endoscopic evaluation of the obscure GI bleeding, including colonoscopy and/or upper endoscopy, it is reasonable to proceed with further evaluation of the small bowel. Diagnostic options for the evaluation of the small bowel may include capsule endoscopy, push enteroscopy, or barium contrast small bowel studies. Here, we report a case of obscure GI bleeding caused by a jejunal ectopic pancreas, diagnosed through capsule endoscopy and barium contrast small bowel studies, which was treated successfully with single incision access laparoscopy.

Spontaneous Isolated Superior Mesenteric Artery Dissection Mimicking Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

Lipocalina associada à gelatinase de neutrófilos (NGAL) e calprotectina no tecido laminar de equinos após obstrução jejunal, tratados ou não com hidrocortisona / Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and calprotectin in equine laminar tissue after jejunal obstruction, treated or not with hidrocortisone

A laminite é uma doença podal grave que acomete os equídeos, sendo responsável por intenso sofrimento. Neste estudo foram pesquisadas a presença de calprotectina por meio da imunoistoquímica, e de lipocalina associada à gelatinase de neutrófilos (NGAL), por zimografia, no tecido laminar do casco de equinos após obstrução intestinal. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo controle (Gc), contendo sete animais normais, sem procedimento cirúrgico; Grupo Instrumentado (Gi), contendo cinco animais, os quais passaram por todo o procedimento cirúrgico sem sofrerem obstrução intestinal; Grupo Não Tratado (Gnt), contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstrução intestinal do jejuno por distensão de balão intraluminal, sem tratamento; e Grupo Tratado (Gt), contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstrução intestinal, e tratados preventivamente com hidrocortisona. Houve imunomarcação de calprotectina em todos os grupos experimentais, com aumento nos equinos do grupo distendido em relação ao Gc. Com relação ao NGAL, houve aumento também do Gnt e do Gi em relação ao Gc. O Gt não diferiu dos demais. Conclui-se que a distensão do intestino delgado pode promover acúmulos de leucócitos nos cascos de equinos e que o NGAL é um método viável para se detectar infiltração neutrofílica em equinos. Novos estudos deverão ser realizados para se verificar possível benefício anti-inflamatório da hidrocortisona no casco de equinos com obstrução intestinal.

Laminitis is a severe hoof condition in horses that may cause intense suffering. In this study, leukocyte infiltration in hoof laminar tissue was investigated in horses subject to intestinal obstruction using immunohistochemistry to detect calprotectin, and zymography to detect neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL). There were four groups: the Control Group (Gc), with seven horses, without surgical procedures; the Sham-operated Group (Gi), with five horses that were subjected to surgical procedure without intestinal obstruction; the No Treat group (Gnt), with four horses subjected to intestinal obstruction (jejunal distention using an intraluminal balloon) without treatment; and Treated group (Gt), with four horses subjected to intestinal obstruction and treated with hydrocortisone. Positive calprotectin imunostaining was detected in all experimental groups, with increase cell counts in horses of the distended group compared with the control group. NGAL expression was increased in Gd compared with Gc e Gi. The Gt did not differ from the others. In conclusion, small intestine distension can promote leukocyte infiltration in equine hoof laminar tissue, and NGAL zymography was considered a useful method for leukocyte tissue detection in horses. New studies will be conducted to verify the possible beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of hydrocortisone in hoof of horses with intestinal obstruction.

Multifocal histiocytic sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract.

We report a rare case of extranodal histiocytic sarcoma with multifocal gastrointestinal tract involvement, which has not been documented in the literature so far. A diagnosis of interdigitating dendritic cell/ histiocytic sarcoma was made on the preoperative gastric biopsy. Computed tomography scan revealed multifocal, circumferential gastrointestinal wall thickening involving the stomach and jejunal loops. Patient underwent distal gastrectomy with extended D1 dissection and proximal jejunal resection with gastrojejunostomy. Immunohistochemistry profile of both the gastric and jejunal tumors was similar to the preoperative gastric biopsy. The histiocytic origin of the tumor was confirmed by positive reaction of the tumor cells for CD 163. She received four cycles of CHOP chemotherapy, and is free of disease three years, following surgery.

In situ follicular neoplasia/lymphoma: Three illustrative cases exemplifying unique disease presentations.

We report three elderly patients with follicular lymphoma in situ (FLIS) each highlighting a unique pattern of disease presentation and progression. The first patient had incidentally detected FLIS with peripheral blood spill and yet had an 11-year uneventful follow up. The second patient with an overt follicular lymphoma (FL) developed high-grade transformation in jejunum with FLIS extensively involving the Payers patches. The third patient had a FLIS but that qualified as higher grade and was treated in spite of lack of overt FL mainly because of higher grade and patient subsequently did develop overt FL. The first case of typical FLIS confirms that peripheral blood spill does not connote poor prognosis in FLIS, the second case illustrates that FLIS may colonize mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue as part of homing in process of a disseminated FL and the third case validates the aggressive nature of high-grade FLIS.

Analysis of myosin-V immunoreactive myenteric neurons from arthritic rats / Análise dos neurônios mioentéricos miosina-V imunoreativos de ratos artríticos

CONTEXT: The inflammatory response itself and the consequent oxidative stress are able to promote neurodegeneration. So, it is possible that enteric nervous system is affected by inflammatory diseases threatening quality of life of patients. However, gastrointestinal symptoms of arthritis are usually attributed to anti-inflammatory drugs rather than neural damage. OBJECTIVE: To confirm if the general population of myenteric neurons from the ileum and jejunum of rats is affected by arthritis. METHODS: Twenty Holtzmann rats, 58-day-old male, were used and divided in four groups: control group (C30), arthritic group (Art30), older control group (C60) and older arthritic group (Art60). At 58 days old, the animals in groups Art30 and Art60 received an injection of the complete Freund's adjuvant in order to induce arthritis. The whole-mount preparations of ileum and jejunum were processed for myosin-V immunohistochemistry. Quantitative and morphometric analyses were performed. RESULTS: Groups Art30 and Art60 presented, respectively, a reduction of 2 percent and 6 percent in intestinal area when compared to their control groups. No significant differences were observed in general neuronal density among the four groups (P>0.05). Group C60 presented a reduction of 14.4 percent and 10.9 percent in mean neuronal cell body area when compared to group C30 (P<0.05), for the ileum and jejunum, respectively. The other groups had a similar mean neuronal cell body area (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Arthritis does not promote quantitative or morphological damages in general myenteric population. However, studies in progress have revealed some significant alterations in myenteric neurons subpopulations (nitrergic and VIP-ergic neurons).

CONTEXTO: A resposta inflamatória e o estresse oxidativo acentuados em decorrência da artrite reumatóide são capazes de promover neurodegeneração. Nessas condições, é possível que o sistema nervoso entérico seja afetado, diminuindo a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. No entanto, os sintomas da artrite no trato gastrointestinal são geralmente associados ao uso de medicamentos anti-inflamatórios do que a um possível dano neural. OBJETIVO: Verificar se a população geral de neurônios mioentéricos do íleo e do jejuno de ratos artríticos é afetada pela artrite. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 20 ratos Holtzmann, inicialmente com 58 dias de idade, divididos em 4 grupos: controle com 88 dias (C30); artrítico com 88 dias (Art30); controle com 118 dias (C60) e artrítico com 118 dias (Art60). Os animais dos grupos Art30 e Art60 receberam aos 58 dias de idade o adjuvante completo de Freund para indução da artrite. Os preparados totais de íleo e jejuno foram submetidos a imunoistoquímica para a proteína miosina-V. Realizou-se análises quantitativas e morfométricas dos neurônios. RESULTADOS: Os animais Art30 e Art60 apresentaram, respectivamente, redução de 2 por cento e 6 por cento na área intestinal em relação aos seus controles. Não foram observadas diferenças na densidade neuronal geral entre os quatro grupos (P>0,05). O grupo C60 apresentou redução de 14,4 por cento e 10,9 por cento na área média do corpo celular neuronal em relação ao grupo C30 (P<0,05). Os demais grupos apresentaram área média de corpo celular semelhante (P>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A artrite não provocou alterações quantitativas ou morfológicas na população mioentérica geral, entretanto, estudos em andamento revelam alterações significativas em subpopulações de neurônios mioentéricos (nitrérgicos e VIP-érgicos).

Alterações ultraestruturais nas vilosidades do jejuno de equinos após distensão / Ultraestructural alterations in the equine jejune villi after distension

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as alterações ultraestruturais nas vilosidades do jejuno de seis equinos submetidos à distensão intraluminal com solução salina. A pressão intraluminal foi mantida em 25cm de água durante duas horas. As amostras de mucosa intestinal colhidas às: zero hora; duas horas de distensão; e duas horas e 12h de descompressão foram analisadas por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Avaliaram-se a área e o perímetro das vilosidades e sua densidade, usando-se um programa computacional de análise de imagens (Image J). A distensão luminal promoveu aumentos da área e do perímetro das vilosidades intestinais. Essa alteração ultraestrutural ocorreu somente 12h após a descompressão e considerou-se que a provável causa seria o edema promovido por aumento da permeabilidade vascular decorrente de um processo de isquemia e reperfusão da mucosa intestinal. Concluiu-se que a distensão intraluminal do jejuno equino promoveu, tardiamente, aumento das dimensões das vilosidades intestinais.

The ultra-structural alterations in the equine jejune villi caused by intraluminal distension were analyzed. Six animals had a jejunum segment distended with saline solution. The intraluminal pressure was maintained in 25cm of water for 2h. The mucosal samples collected (0h, 2h of distension, 2h and 12h of decompression) were analyzed with scan electronic microscopy (SEM). The area and the perimeter of the villi, as well as their density, were analyzed using a specific software for image analysis (Image J). The luminal distention and decompression induced an increase on villi dimensions (area and perimeter). This ultrastructural alteration occurred just 12h after decompression, possibily due to edema caused by the increase of vascular permeability resulting from ischemia and reperfusion of the intestine mucosa. The intraluminal distension of the equine jejune caused a delayed increase of the intestine villi dimensions.

Intestinal wall atrophy and increase of sulphomucin secretion in the jejunal epithelium of rats submitted to severe protein malnutrition / Atrofia de la pared intestinal y aumento de la secreción de sulfomucinas en el epitélio yeyunal de ratas sometidas a intensa desnutrición protéica

The effects of severe protein malnutrition on the morphometry of the intestinal wall in the jejunum of adult rats were evaluated in this study. Six 90-day-old Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were assigned into two groups: CG (Control Group, n = 3) and MG (Malnourished Group, n = 3). CG animals were fed a 26 percent-protein chow whereas controls were fed a 4 percent-protein chow. After 90 days, part of the jejunum was collected and subjected to routine histology. HE-staining and histochemical techniques - Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian Blue (AB), pH 2.5/pH 1.0 - were used for the detection of glycoconjugates in 4µm -thick transverse cuts. Morphometric analysis of the HE-stained cuts revealed a decrease of the total thickness of the jejunal wall, mostly on the following layers: external muscle and mucosa - enterocyte height also decreased. Cuts stained by using histochemical techniques for the detection of glycoconjugates revealed maintenance of goblet cells reactive to PAS and AB pH 2.5, whereas the number of cells reactive to AB pH 1.0 increased. Protein malnutrition was concluded to provoke severe atrophy of the jejunal wall and an increase of sulphomucin secretion within the intestinal epithelium.

Fueron evaluados los efectos de la desnutrición proteica severa sobre la morfometría de la pared intestinal del yeyuno de ratas adultas. Para esto, se utilizaron seis ratas (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar, con 90 días de edad, distribuidas en dos grupos: GC (grupo control, n=3) y el GD (grupo desnutrido, n=3). Los animales del GC recibieron ración con un contenido proteico de 26 por ciento y los del GD ración con 4 por ciento de proteínas. Después de 90 días de experimentación, parte del yeyuno fue retirado y sometido a un procesamiento histológico de rutina. Cortes transversales de 4 µm fueron teñidos con HE y técnicas histoquímicas (Periodic Acid Schifff (PAS) y Alcian Blue (AB) pH 2,5 y pH 1,0.) para evidenciar glicoconjugados. El análisis morfométrico teñidos con HE demostró reducción en el grosor total de la pared del yeyuno, especialmente de las túnicas muscular y mucosa, además se observó una disminución en la altura de los entericitos. Los cortes teñidos con técnicas histoquímicas revelaron que el número de células caliciformes reactivas al PAS y al AB pH 2,5 se mantuvo; por otro lado, hubo un aumento en el número de células reactivas al AB pH 1,0. Se concluye que la desnutrición proteica severa provoca atrofia de la pared yeyunal y aumento de la secreción de sulfomucinas en el epitelio intestinal.

Hemorragia gastrointestinal de grande vulto diagnosticada por enteroscopia intraoperatória: relato de caso / Contribution for the diagnosis of severe gastrointestinal bleeding by intraoperative enteroscopy: a case report

Aproximadamente 5% dos pacientes com hemorragia digestiva ficam sem diagnóstico e uma parcela deles tem como fator etiológico doenças do intestino delgado. Os autores relatam caso de homem de 60 anos de idade, portador de angiectasia de jejuno, diagnosticada somente quando submetido a enteroscopia peroperatória durante episódio hemorrágico. Ressecção de 30 cm de jejuno com base na presença de sangue na luz intestinal, teve o diagnóstico confirmado somente com exame histopatológico, pois a lesão não era visível a olho nu. Um ano após a ressecção o paciente permanecia assintomático e sem anemia.

Enterocolic fistula in GI lymphoma: a case report

The following case describes a young patient with failure to thrive and new-onset diarrhea who underwent upper GI series. The findings on upper GI series revealed an enterocolic fistula. Laparatomy was performed and the persistent pathology was lymphoma